Inquiry is the foundation.
Understanding is the pursuit.

Italy · BIO

Index note: Physician and anatomist, University of Bologna. Discovered "animal electricity" in frog muscle (1791); founder of electrophysiology.

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• Galvani, L. De viribus electricitatis in motu musculari commentarius. Bologna, 1791. Find publication ↗
• Piccolino, M. Animal electricity and the birth of electrophysiology: the legacy of Luigi Galvani. Brain Res. Bull. 1998, 46, 381-407. Find publication ↗

Italy · BIO

Index note: Physicist, University of Pavia. Disputed Galvani's interpretation and invented the electric battery (1800); the Galvani-Volta debate founded bioelectricity.

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• Volta, A. Letters on animal electricity (Lettere sull'elettricita animale). 1792. Find publication ↗

Italy Researcher and research type · BIO

Index note: Physicist, University of Pisa. Demonstrated the muscle injury current and the "induced twitch"; first systematic measurements of bioelectric currents (1840s). Qualification and main contribution

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• Matteucci, C. Sur un phenomene physiologique produit par les muscles en contraction. C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris, 1842. Find publication ↗
• Matteucci, C. Traite des phenomenes electro-physiologiques des animaux. Paris, 1844. Find publication ↗

Russia · CONS

Index note: Neurologist and psychiatrist; founder of the Psychoneurological Institute, St Petersburg. Reflexology and collective reflexology; experiments on mental suggestion.

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Russia / Ukraine · COSMO

Index note: Mineralogist and geochemist; Academician; first president of the Ukrainian Academy of Sciences (1918). Founder of biogeochemistry; "The Biosphere" (1926); scientific concept of the noosphere.

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• Vernadsky, V. I. The Biosphere. Leningrad, 1926. (In Russian) Find publication ↗
• Vernadsky, V. I. The biosphere and the noosphere. American Scientist 1945, 33, 1-12. Find publication ↗

Germany · BIO

Index note: Embryologist and philosopher. Sea-urchin experiments on embryonic regulation; vitalism (entelechy) and the organism as a whole.

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Germany · BIO

Index note: Embryologist; Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1935. Embryonic induction (the "organizer"); field concept in development.

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Russia · BIO

Index note: Biologist and embryologist. Discovered "mitogenetic radiation" (1923), ultraweak UV light from cells; morphogenetic field theory. Ancestor of biophotonics and of Kaznacheev's cell experiments.

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• Gurwitsch, A. G. Discovery of mitogenetic radiation (onion-root experiments). 1923. Find publication ↗

USA · BIO

Index note: Professor of Physiology, University of Texas. "Bioelectric Fields and Growth" (1947): bioelectric polarity controls growth and form.

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Related entries in this collection

• Lund, E. J. and collaborators. Bioelectric Fields and Growth. University of Texas Press, Austin, 1947. Find publication ↗

USA · BIO

Index note: Professor of Anatomy, Yale University. Theory of "L-fields" (life fields), measurable DC voltage fields that organize the body; "The Fields of Life" (1972).

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• Burr, H. S.; Northrop, F. S. C. The electro-dynamic theory of life. Q. Rev. Biol. 1935, 10, 322-333. Find publication ↗
• Burr, H. S. Electromagnetic fields of life. Science 1940. Find publication ↗
• Burr, H. S. The Nature of Man and the Meaning of Existence. 1962. Find publication ↗
• Burr, H. S. Blueprint for Immortality. London: Neville Spearman, 1972. (US edition: The Fields of Life. Ballantine Books, 1972) Find publication ↗

Russia · CONS

Index note: Physiologist, Leningrad University. Experiments on mental suggestion at a distance, including in shielded rooms; "Experiments in Mental Suggestion" (1962).

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• Vasiliev, L. L. Experiments in Mental Suggestion. Leningrad, 1962. (English edition 1963; reissued 2002) Find publication ↗

Russia · HELIO COSMO

Index note: Biophysicist; founder of heliobiology, called "the Leonardo da Vinci of the 20th century". Linked solar cycles to epidemics, mortality and collective behavior; pioneer of air ionization.

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• Chizhevsky, A. L. Physical Factors of the Historical Process. Kaluga, 1924. (In Russian) Find publication ↗
• Chizhevsky, A. L. Cosmobiologie et rythme du milieu exterieur. Acta Med. Scand. 1940, 108 (Suppl.), 211. Find publication ↗
• Chizhevsky, A. L. The Terrestrial Echo of Solar Storms. Moscow: Mysl', 1973. (In Russian; posthumous edition) Find publication ↗

Austria / USA · BIO

Index note: Developmental biologist, Rockefeller University. Field theory of development; "contact guidance" of cells.

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USA · BIO

Index note: Biophysicist. Impedance and capacitance of cell membranes; the Cole-Cole model underlies modern bioimpedance and phase-angle analysis.

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• Cole, K. S. Electric impedance of suspensions of Arbacia (sea urchin) eggs. J. Gen. Physiol. 1928. Find publication ↗
• Cole, K. S. Membranes, Ions and Impulses: A Chapter of Classical Biophysics. University of California Press, Berkeley, 1968. Find publication ↗

Germany / UK · QED

Index note: Theoretical physicist, University of Liverpool. Long-range coherent oscillations in biological systems (1968), forerunner of QED-coherence biology.

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• Frohlich, H. Long-range coherence and energy storage in biological systems. Int. J. Quantum Chem. 1968, 2, 641-649. Find publication ↗
• Del Giudice, E.; Doglia, S.; Milani, M. Self-focusing of Fröhlich waves and cytoskeleton dynamics. Phys. Lett. A 1982, 90, 104-106. Find publication ↗

Russia · COSMO CONS

Index note: Astrophysicist, Pulkovo Observatory. "Causal mechanics" (1958): time as an active physical property with flow and density; observed lunar volcanic activity (1958); inspirer of the Kozyrev mirror.

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• Kozyrev, N. A. Causal or Asymmetrical Mechanics in the Linear Approximation. Pulkovo, 1958. (In Russian) Find publication ↗
• Kozyrev, N. A. Possibility of Experimental Study of the Properties of Time. Pulkovo, 1967. Find publication ↗
• Kozyrev, N. A. Selected Works. Leningrad University Press, 1991. (In Russian) Find publication ↗
• Kaznacheev, V. P.; Trofimov, A. V. Device for correction of human psychosomatic diseases (Kozyrev mirror). Patent RU2122446, filed 2 July 1996, published 27 November 1998. Find publication ↗

Russia · CONS

Index note: Mathematician and statistician, Doctor of Technical Sciences, professor at Moscow State University. Mathematical theory of experiment; co-founder of scientometrics (1969); probabilistic theory of meaning; semantic model of consciousness.

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• Nalimov, V. V. The Application of Mathematical Statistics to Chemical Analysis. Moscow, 1960. (English: Pergamon, 1963) Find publication ↗
• Nalimov, V. V.; Chernova, N. A. Statistical Methods of Planning Extremal Experiments. Moscow: Nauka, 1965. (In Russian) Find publication ↗
• Nalimov, V. V.; Mul'chenko, Z. M. Naukometriya: The Study of the Development of Science as an Information Process. Moscow: Nauka, 1969. (English machine translation: "Measurement of Science") Find publication ↗
• Nalimov, V. V. Theory of Experiment. Moscow: Nauka, 1971. (In Russian) Find publication ↗
• Nalimov, V. V. Probabilistic Model of Language. Moscow: Nauka, 1974; 2nd ed. 1979. (In Russian) Find publication ↗
• Nalimov, V. V. Faces of Science. Philadelphia: ISI Press, 1981. Find publication ↗
• Nalimov, V. V. In the Labyrinths of Language: A Mathematician's Journey. Philadelphia: ISI Press, 1981. Find publication ↗
• Nalimov, V. V. Realms of the Unconscious: The Enchanted Frontier. Philadelphia: ISI Press, 1982. Find publication ↗
• Nalimov, V. V. Space, Time, and Life: The Probabilistic Pathways of Evolution. Philadelphia: ISI Press, 1985. Find publication ↗
• Nalimov, V. V. Spontaneity of Consciousness: A Probabilistic Theory of Meanings and the Semantic Architectonics of Personality. Moscow: Prometei, 1989. (In Russian) Find publication ↗
• Nalimov, V. V. In Search of Other Meanings. Moscow: Progress, 1993. (In Russian) Find publication ↗

Russia · COSMO

Index note: Historian, ethnologist and geographer, Leningrad University. Theory of ethnogenesis and passionarity; "Ethnogenesis and the Biosphere of Earth" (1979/1989).

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• Gumilev, L. N. Ethnogenesis and the Biosphere of Earth. Deposited at VINITI, 1979; published Leningrad, 1989. (In Russian) Find publication ↗
• Gumilev, L. N. Ethnogenesis and the Biosphere of Earth. Leningrad University Press, 1989. (In Russian; written in the 1970s) Find publication ↗

Romania / USA Researcher and research type · CHRONO HELIO

Index note: Physician; founder of modern chronobiology, University of Minnesota. Coined "circadian" (1959) and "chronomics"; cosinor method; chronotherapy; solar and geomagnetic cycles in cardiology. Qualification and main contribution

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• Halberg, F. Physiologic 24-hour periodicity; general and procedural considerations with reference to the adrenal cycle. Z. Vitamin-, Hormon- u. Fermentforsch. 1959, 10, 225-296. (Origin of "circadian") Find publication ↗
• Halberg, F. Chronobiology. Annu. Rev. Physiol. 1969, 31, 675-725. Find publication ↗
• Breus, T. K.; Cornelissen, G.; Halberg, F.; Levitin, A. E. Temporal associations of life with solar and geophysical activity. Ann. Geophys. 1995, 13, 1211-1222. Find publication ↗
• Halberg, F.; Cornelissen, G.; Otsuka, K. et al. Cross-spectrally coherent ~10.5- and 21-year biological and physical cycles, magnetic storms and myocardial infarctions. Neuroendocrinol. Lett. 2000, 21, 233-258. Find publication ↗
• Halberg, F.; Cornelissen, G. et al. Essays on chronomics spawned by transdisciplinary chronobiology. Neuroendocrinol. Lett. 2001, 22. Find publication ↗

Russia · BIO HELIO

Index note: Biophysicist, Moscow State University. "Electromagnetic Fields and Life" (1968): first systematic theory of electromagnetic fields as information carriers in living systems.

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• Presman, A. S. Electromagnetic Fields and Life. Moscow: Nauka, 1968. (English: Plenum Press, New York, 1970) Find publication ↗

Australia / USA · BIO ICR

Index note: Neuroscientist, UCLA Brain Research Institute. Frequency and amplitude "windows" for calcium release from brain tissue in weak modulated fields.

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Related entries in this collection

• Bawin, S. M.; Adey, W. R. Sensitivity of calcium binding in cerebral tissue to weak environmental electric fields oscillating at low frequency. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 1976, 73, 1999-2003. Find publication ↗
• Bawin, S. M.; Adey, W. R.; Sabbot, I. M. Ionic factors in release of 45Ca2+ from chicken cerebral tissue by electromagnetic fields. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 1978, 75, 6314-6318. Find publication ↗
• Adey, W. R. Frequency and power windowing in tissue interactions with weak electromagnetic fields. Proc. IEEE 1980, 68, 119-125. Find publication ↗
• Adey, W. R. Biological effects of electromagnetic fields. J. Cell. Biochem. 1993, 51, 410-416. Find publication ↗

USA · BIO

Index note: Orthopedic surgeon, Upstate Medical Center, Syracuse. Bioelectric control of regeneration; "The Body Electric" (1985).

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• Becker, R. O. Stimulation of partial limb regeneration in rats. Nature 1972, 235, 109-111. Find publication ↗
• Becker, R. O.; Selden, G. The Body Electric: Electromagnetism and the Foundation of Life. New York: William Morrow, 1985. Find publication ↗

Russia · COSMO HELIO

Index note: Physician; Academician of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences; founding director of the Institute of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (Novosibirsk); later International Institute of Cosmic Anthropoecology. Distant intercellular interactions; hypomagnetic chamber and Kozyrev-mirror programs.

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• Kaznacheev, V. P.; Mikhailova, L. P. Ultraweak Radiation in Intercellular Interactions. Novosibirsk: Nauka, 1981. (In Russian) Find publication ↗
• Kaznacheev, V. P.; Trofimov, A. V. Cosmic Consciousness of Humanity: Problems of New Cosmogony. Tomsk: Elendis-Progress, 1992. Find publication ↗
• Kaznacheev, V. P.; Trofimov, A. V. Device for correction of human psychosomatic diseases (Kozyrev mirror). Patent RU2122446, filed 2 July 1996, published 27 November 1998. Find publication ↗

Japan / Canada · QED

Index note: Theoretical physicist (Alberta, Wisconsin, Tokyo). Quantum field theory of many-body systems; with L. M. Ricciardi, the quantum field model of the brain (1967).

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• Ricciardi, L. M.; Umezawa, H. Brain and physics of many-body problems. Kybernetik 1967, 4, 44-48. Find publication ↗
• Stuart, C. I. J. M.; Takahashi, Y.; Umezawa, H. On the stability and non-local properties of memory. J. Theor. Biol. 1978, 71, 605-618. Find publication ↗
• Stuart, C. I. J. M.; Takahashi, Y.; Umezawa, H. Mixed-system brain dynamics: neural memory as a macroscopic ordered state. Found. Phys. 1979, 9, 301-327. Find publication ↗

USA · QED CONS

Index note: Neuroscientist, University of California, Berkeley. Nonlinear brain dynamics and EEG phase transitions; co-author with Vitiello of the dissipative quantum brain model.

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• Freeman, W. J.; Vitiello, G. Nonlinear brain dynamics as macroscopic manifestation of underlying many-body field dynamics. Phys. Life Rev. 2006, 3, 93-118. Find publication ↗
• Freeman, W. J.; Vitiello, G. Dissipation and spontaneous symmetry breaking in brain dynamics. J. Phys. A 2008, 41, 304042. Find publication ↗
• Freeman, W. J.; Vitiello, G. Dissipative neurodynamics in perception forms cortical patterns that are stabilized by vortices. J. Phys. Conf. Ser. 2009, 174, 012011. Find publication ↗
• Capolupo, A.; Freeman, W. J.; Vitiello, G. Dissipation of "dark energy" by cortex in knowledge retrieval. Phys. Life Rev. 2013, 10, 85-94. Find publication ↗

Russia · HELIO

Index note: Neurophysiologist, Institute of Higher Nervous Activity, Moscow. Founder of Russian experimental magnetoneurobiology.

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Russia · COSMO

Index note: Biophysicist, Moscow State University and Pushchino. "Macroscopic fluctuations": cosmophysical regularities in measurement distributions.

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USA · ICR BIO

Index note: Physicist, Oakland University; later Florida Atlantic University. Geomagnetic ion cyclotron resonance in living cells (1985); "resonance signaling"; electromagnetic paradigm for biology and medicine.

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• Liboff, A. R.; Homer, L. Bioelectromagnetics Society Abstract A6, Boulder, 1983. Find publication ↗
• Liboff, A. R.; Williams, T., Jr.; Strong, D. M.; Wistar, R., Jr. Time-varying magnetic fields: effect on DNA synthesis. Science 1984, 223, 818-820. Find publication ↗
• Liboff, A. R. Cyclotron resonance in membrane transport. In: Chiabrera, A.; Nicolini, C.; Schwan, H. P. (eds.) Interactions between Electromagnetic Fields and Cells. New York: Plenum, 1985, 281-296. Find publication ↗
• Liboff, A. R. Geomagnetic cyclotron resonance in living cells. J. Biol. Phys. 1985, 13, 99-102. Find publication ↗
• McLeod, B. R.; Liboff, A. R. Dynamic characteristics of membrane ions in multifield configurations of low-frequency electromagnetic radiation. Bioelectromagnetics 1986, 7, 177-189. Find publication ↗
• Thomas, J. R.; Schrot, J.; Liboff, A. R. Low-intensity magnetic fields alter operant behavior in rats. Bioelectromagnetics 1986, 7, 349-357. Find publication ↗
• Liboff, A. R.; Rozek, R. J.; Sherman, M. L.; McLeod, B. R.; Smith, S. D. Ca2+-45 cyclotron resonance in human lymphocytes. J. Bioelectricity 1987, 6, 13-22. Find publication ↗
• Liboff, A. R.; Smith, S. D.; McLeod, B. R. Experimental evidence for ion cyclotron resonance mediation of membrane transport. In: Blank, M.; Findl, E. (eds.) Mechanistic Approaches to Interactions of Electric and Electromagnetic Fields with Living Systems. Plenum, 1987, 109-132. Find publication ↗
• McLeod, B. R.; Smith, S. D.; Cooksey, K. E.; Liboff, A. R. Ion cyclotron resonance frequencies enhance Ca++-dependent motility in diatoms. J. Bioelectricity 1987, 6, 1-12. Find publication ↗
• Smith, S. D.; McLeod, B. R.; Liboff, A. R.; Cooksey, K. Calcium cyclotron resonance and diatom mobility. Bioelectromagnetics 1987, 8, 215-227. Find publication ↗
• Liboff, A. R.; McLeod, B. R. Kinetics of channelized membrane ions in magnetic fields. Bioelectromagnetics 1988, 9, 39-51. Find publication ↗
• Jenrow, K. A.; Smith, C. H.; Liboff, A. R. Weak extremely-low-frequency magnetic fields and regeneration in the planarian Dugesia tigrina. Bioelectromagnetics 1995, 16, 106-112. Find publication ↗
• Smith, S. D.; McLeod, B. R.; Liboff, A. R. Testing the ion cyclotron resonance theory of electromagnetic field interaction with odd and even harmonic tuning for cations. Bioelectrochem. Bioenerg. 1995, 38, 161-167. Find publication ↗
• Liboff, A. R. Electric-field ion cyclotron resonance. Bioelectromagnetics 1997, 18, 85-87. Find publication ↗
• Liboff, A. R.; Jenrow, K. A. New model for the avian magnetic compass. Bioelectromagnetics 2000, 21, 555-565. Find publication ↗
• Regling, C.; Brueckner, C.; Kimura, J. H.; Liboff, A. R. Evidence for ICR magnetic field effects on cartilage and bone development in embryonic chick bone explants. 48th Annual Meeting of the Orthopaedic Research Society, Dallas, 2002, Poster 0379. Find publication ↗
• Liboff, A. R.; Cherng, S.; Jenrow, K. A.; Bull, A. Calmodulin-dependent cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase activity is altered by 20 µT magnetostatic fields. Bioelectromagnetics 2003, 24, 32-38. Find publication ↗
• Liboff, A. R. Toward an electromagnetic paradigm for biology and medicine. J. Altern. Complement. Med. 2004, 10, 41-47. Find publication ↗
• Liboff, A. R. The ion cyclotron resonance hypothesis. In: Barnes, F. S.; Greenebaum, B. (eds.) Handbook of Biological Effects of Electromagnetic Fields, 3rd ed. CRC Press, 2007. Find publication ↗
• Liboff, A. R. Electric polarization and the viability of living systems: ion cyclotron resonance-like interactions. Electromagn. Biol. Med. 2009, 28, 124-134. Find publication ↗
• Liboff, A. R. A role for the geomagnetic field in cell regulation. Electromagn. Biol. Med. 2010, 29, 105-112. Find publication ↗
• Foletti, A.; Grimaldi, S.; Lisi, A.; Ledda, M.; Liboff, A. R. Bioelectromagnetic medicine: the role of resonance signaling. Electromagn. Biol. Med. 2013, 32, 484-499. Find publication ↗
• Liboff, A. R. Ion cyclotron resonance: geomagnetic strategy for living systems? Electromagn. Biol. Med. 2019, 38, 143-148. Find publication ↗

Russia · CONS

Index note: Psychologist (psychology of thinking, heuristics). With A. P. Dubrov, "Parapsychology and Contemporary Science" (1982).

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• Dubrov, A. P.; Pushkin, V. N. Parapsychology and Contemporary Science. New York: Consultants Bureau, 1982. Find publication ↗

Russia · HELIO CHRONO

Index note: Biophysicist. "The Geomagnetic Field and Life: Geomagnetobiology" (1978); lunar and geomagnetic rhythms in biology.

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• Dubrov, A. P. The Geomagnetic Field and Life: Geomagnetobiology. New York: Plenum Press, 1978. (Russian original 1974) Find publication ↗
• Dubrov, A. P.; Pushkin, V. N. Parapsychology and Contemporary Science. New York: Consultants Bureau, 1982. Find publication ↗

Russia · ICR BIO

Index note: Doctor of Biological Sciences and of Physics and Mathematics; head of the Laboratory for Neurocybernetics of Cellular Ensembles, Institute of Cell Biophysics, Pushchino. Theory of rhythmic brain activity and EEG formation; with V. V. Novikov discovered the "Zhadin effect" (1994); multiple sclerosis diagnostics (2000-2004).

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• Zhadin, M. N. Mechanisms for synchronization of biopotentials in the cerebral cortex. Biofizika 1969, 14, 636-643; 1969, 14, 897-914; 1972, 17, 283-290; 1973, 18, 1084-1089. (In Russian) Find publication ↗
• Zhadin, M. N. Theory of Rhythmic Processes in the Cerebral Cortex. Pushchino, 1982. (In Russian) Find publication ↗
• Zhadin, M. N. Biophysical Mechanisms of Electroencephalogram Formation. Moscow: Nauka, 1984. (In Russian) Find publication ↗
• Zhadin, M. N. Rhythmic processes in the cerebral cortex. J. Theor. Biol. 1984, 108, 565-595. Find publication ↗
• Zhadin, M. N. Electrophysiological manifestations of the monoaminergic systems' effects on the cerebral cortex. Neurosci. Behav. Physiol. 1987, 17, 152-160. Find publication ↗
• Zhadin, M. N.; Fesenko, E. E. Ionic cyclotron resonance in biomolecules. Biomed. Sci. 1990, 1, 245-250. Find publication ↗
• Zhadin, M. N. Biophysical mechanisms of the EEG formation. In: Dvorak, I.; Holden, A. (eds.) Mathematical Approaches to Brain Functioning Diagnostics. Manchester University Press, 1991, 13-29. Find publication ↗
• Zhadin, M. N. Possible mechanism of the action of biogenic amines on the activity of cortical neurons. Biofizika 1993, 38, 353-358. Find publication ↗
• Novikov, V. V.; Zhadin, M. N. Combined action of weak static and low-frequency alternating magnetic fields on ionic current in aqueous amino acid solutions. Biofizika 1994, 39, 45-49. (In Russian) (THE ORIGINAL "ZHADIN EFFECT" PAPER) Find publication ↗
• Zhadin, M. N. Formation of the rhythmic processes in the bioelectrical activity of the cerebral cortex. Biofizika 1994, 39, 133-150. Find publication ↗
• Zhadin, M. N. Effect of magnetic fields on the motion of an ion in a macromolecule: theoretical analysis. Biofizika 1996, 41(4), 832-850. (In Russian) Find publication ↗
• Zhadin, M. N. Combined action of static and alternating magnetic fields on ion motion in a macromolecule: theoretical aspects. Bioelectromagnetics 1998, 19, 279-292. Find publication ↗
• Zhadin, M. N.; Novikov, V. V.; Barnes, F. S.; Pergola, N. F. Combined action of static and alternating magnetic fields on ionic current in aqueous glutamic acid solution. Bioelectromagnetics 1998, 19, 41-45. Find publication ↗
• Zhadin, M. N.; Deryugina, O. N.; Pisachenko, T. M. Influence of combined DC and AC magnetic fields on rat behavior. Bioelectromagnetics 1999, 20, 378-386. Find publication ↗
• Zhadin, M. N. Difficulties with synaptic theory of learning and memory and possible remedies. Behav. Brain Sci. 2000, 23, 500-501. Find publication ↗
• Zhadin, M. N. Physical basis of primary detection of magnetic and modulated electromagnetic fields by biological macromolecules. In: Kostarakis, P.; Stavroulakis, P. (eds.) Millennium International Workshop on Biological Effects of Electromagnetic Fields, Heraklion, Crete, 2000, Vol. 1, 18-26. Find publication ↗
• Zhadin, M. N.; Zakharova, N. M.; Andreev, A. A.; Balakin, V. E.; Parkhomenko, R. I.; Slabospitskaya, E. V. Investigation of influence of blood serum of multiple sclerosis patients on electric activity in surviving neocortical slices of guinea pigs. Bull. Exp. Biol. Med. 2000, 130(7), 52-55. Find publication ↗
• Bakharev, B. V.; Zhadin, M. N.; Agladze, N. N. Rhythmic processes in bioelectric activity of the cerebral cortex: qualitative nonlinear analysis with account of refractoriness. Biophysics 2001, 46, 715-723. Find publication ↗
• Zhadin, M. N. Review of Russian literature on biological action of DC and low-frequency AC magnetic fields. Bioelectromagnetics 2001, 22(1), 27-45. Find publication ↗
• Zhadin, M. N.; Zakharova, N. M.; Lunin, S. M.; Fedin, A. I.; Karneev, A. N.; Marushak, I. I. Diagnostics of multiple sclerosis development by influence of blood serum on electric activity of neocortical surviving slices on the background of treatment with low-intensive intravenous laser therapy. In: Horizons of Biophysics: From Theory to Practice. Pushchino, 2003, 182-186. Find publication ↗
• Zhadin, M. N. Multiple sclerosis as dysfunction of the reinforcement system at learning. In: Progress in Biotechnology and Neurobiology - Integrative Medicine. Hurghada, Egypt, 2004, 70-72. Find publication ↗
• Zhadin, M. N.; Barnes, F. Frequency and amplitude windows in the combined action of DC and low frequency AC magnetic fields on ion thermal motion in a macromolecule: theoretical analysis. Bioelectromagnetics 2005, 26, 323-330. Find publication ↗
• Zhadin, M.; Giuliani, L. Some problems in modern bioelectromagnetics. Electromagn. Biol. Med. 2006, 25(4), 227-243. Find publication ↗
• Giuliani, L.; Grimaldi, S.; Lisi, A.; D'Emilia, E.; Bobkova, N.; Zhadin, M. Action of combined magnetic fields on aqueous solution of glutamic acid: the further development of investigations. Biomagn. Res. Technol. 2008, 6, 1. Find publication ↗
• Giuliani, L.; D'Emilia, E.; Grimaldi, S.; Lisi, A.; Bobkova, N.; Zhadin, M. N. Investigating the ICR effect in a Zhadin's cell. Int. J. Biomed. Sci. 2009, 5, 181-186. Find publication ↗

USA · CONS

Index note: Physicists, Stanford Research Institute (SRI). Studies of perception under sensory shielding (Nature 1974; Proc. IEEE 1976).

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• Targ, R.; Puthoff, H. Information transmission under conditions of sensory shielding. Nature 1974, 251, 602-607. Find publication ↗
• Puthoff, H. E.; Targ, R. A perceptual channel for information transfer over kilometer distances. Proc. IEEE 1976, 64, 329-354. Find publication ↗

USA · ICR BIO

Index note: Biophysicist, US Environmental Protection Agency. Calcium efflux from brain tissue under modulated fields; ion parametric resonance (IPR) model with J. P. Blanchard (1994).

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• Blackman, C. F.; Elder, J. A.; Weil, C. M.; Benane, S. G.; Eichinger, D. C.; House, D. E. Induction of calcium-ion efflux from brain tissue by radio-frequency radiation: effects of modulation frequency and field strength. Radio Sci. 1979, 14, 93-98. Find publication ↗
• Blackman, C. F.; Benane, S. G.; House, D. E.; Rabinowitz, J. R. Bioelectromagnetics Society Abstract SA-4, 1984. Find publication ↗
• Blackman, C. F.; Benane, S. G.; Rabinowitz, J. R.; House, D. E.; Joines, W. T. A role for the magnetic field in the radiation-induced efflux of calcium ions from brain tissue in vitro. Bioelectromagnetics 1985, 6, 327-337. Find publication ↗
• Blackman, C. F.; Blanchard, J. P.; Benane, S. G.; House, D. E. Empirical test of an ion parametric resonance model for magnetic field interactions with PC-12 cells. Bioelectromagnetics 1994, 15, 239-260. Find publication ↗
• Blackman, C. F.; Blanchard, J. P.; Benane, S. G.; House, D. E. The ion parametric resonance model predicts magnetic field parameters that affect nerve cells. FASEB J. 1995, 9, 547-551. Find publication ↗

Germany · BIO

Index note: Biophysicist; founder of the International Institute of Biophysics, Neuss. Biophotons: ultraweak coherent photon emission from living cells.

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Italy · QED

Index note: Theoretical physicist, University of Milan. "QED Coherence in Matter" (1995); coherent domains; theory of coherent water.

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Related entries in this collection

• Del Giudice, E.; Preparata, G.; Vitiello, G. Water as a free electric dipole laser. Phys. Rev. Lett. 1988, 61, 1085-1088. Find publication ↗
• Arani, R.; Bono, I.; Del Giudice, E.; Preparata, G. QED coherence and the thermodynamics of water. Int. J. Mod. Phys. B 1995, 9, 1813-1841. Find publication ↗
• Del Giudice, E.; Preparata, G. Coherent dynamics in water as a possible explanation of biological membranes formation. J. Biol. Phys. 1995, 20, 105-116. Find publication ↗
• Preparata, G. QED Coherence in Matter. Singapore: World Scientific, 1995. Find publication ↗
• Del Giudice, E.; Fleischmann, M.; Preparata, G. QED coherence and electrolyte solutions. J. Electroanal. Chem. 2000, 482, 110-116. Find publication ↗
• Del Giudice, E.; Fleischmann, M.; Preparata, G.; Talpo, G. On the "unreasonable" effects of ELF magnetic fields upon a system of ions. Bioelectromagnetics 2002, 23, 522-530. Find publication ↗

Russia · COSMO

Index note: Physicist; director of the International Institute of Theoretical and Applied Physics, Moscow. Torsion-field research.

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Russia · COSMO

Index note: Theoretical physicist, International Institute of Theoretical and Applied Physics. "Theory of Physical Vacuum" (1993/1998).

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Italy · QED ICR

Index note: Theoretical physicist, INFN Milan. QED coherence in water and living matter; ICR in biological systems; with Montagnier, electromagnetic signals from DNA in water.

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• Del Giudice, E.; Doglia, S.; Milani, M. Self-focusing of Fröhlich waves and cytoskeleton dynamics. Phys. Lett. A 1982, 90, 104-106. Find publication ↗
• Del Giudice, E.; Doglia, S.; Milani, M.; Vitiello, G. Spontaneous symmetry breakdown and boson condensation in biology. Phys. Lett. A 1983, 95, 508-510. Find publication ↗
• Del Giudice, E.; Doglia, S.; Milani, M.; Vitiello, G. A quantum field theoretical approach to the collective behaviour of biological systems. Nucl. Phys. B 1985, 251, 375-400. Find publication ↗
• Del Giudice, E.; Doglia, S.; Milani, M.; Vitiello, G. Electromagnetic field and spontaneous symmetry breaking in biological matter. Nucl. Phys. B 1986, 275, 185-199. Find publication ↗
• Del Giudice, E.; Preparata, G.; Vitiello, G. Water as a free electric dipole laser. Phys. Rev. Lett. 1988, 61, 1085-1088. Find publication ↗
• Del Giudice, E.; Doglia, S.; Milani, M.; Smith, C. W.; Vitiello, G. Magnetic flux quantization and Josephson behaviour in living systems. Phys. Scr. 1989, 40, 786-791. Find publication ↗
• Arani, R.; Bono, I.; Del Giudice, E.; Preparata, G. QED coherence and the thermodynamics of water. Int. J. Mod. Phys. B 1995, 9, 1813-1841. Find publication ↗
• Del Giudice, E.; Preparata, G. Coherent dynamics in water as a possible explanation of biological membranes formation. J. Biol. Phys. 1995, 20, 105-116. Find publication ↗
• Del Giudice, E.; Fleischmann, M.; Preparata, G. QED coherence and electrolyte solutions. J. Electroanal. Chem. 2000, 482, 110-116. Find publication ↗
• Del Giudice, E.; Fleischmann, M.; Preparata, G.; Talpo, G. On the "unreasonable" effects of ELF magnetic fields upon a system of ions. Bioelectromagnetics 2002, 23, 522-530. Find publication ↗
• Comisso, N.; Del Giudice, E.; De Ninno, A.; Fleischmann, M.; Giuliani, L.; Mengoli, G.; Merlo, F.; Talpo, G. Dynamics of the ion cyclotron resonance effect on amino acids adsorbed at the interfaces. Bioelectromagnetics 2006, 27, 16-25. Find publication ↗
• Del Giudice, E.; Vitiello, G. Role of the electromagnetic field in the formation of domains in the process of symmetry-breaking phase transitions. Phys. Rev. A 2006, 74, 022105. Find publication ↗
• Del Giudice, E.; Tedeschi, A. Water and autocatalysis in living matter. Electromagn. Biol. Med. 2009, 28, 46-52. Find publication ↗
• Del Giudice, E.; Spinetti, P. R.; Tedeschi, A. Water dynamics at the root of metamorphosis in living organisms. Water 2010, 2, 566-586. Find publication ↗
• Montagnier, L.; Aissa, J.; Del Giudice, E.; Lavallee, C.; Tedeschi, A.; Vitiello, G. DNA waves and water. J. Phys. Conf. Ser. 2011, 306, 012007. Find publication ↗
• Bono, I.; Del Giudice, E.; Gamberale, L.; Henry, M. Emergence of the coherent structure of liquid water. Water 2012, 4, 510-532. Find publication ↗
• Montagnier, L.; Del Giudice, E.; Aissa, J.; Lavallee, C.; Motschwiller, S.; Capolupo, A.; Polcari, A.; Romano, P.; Tedeschi, A.; Vitiello, G. Transduction of DNA information through water and electromagnetic waves. Electromagn. Biol. Med. 2015, 34, 106-112. Find publication ↗

Russia · BIO

Index note: Biologist; Institute of Control Sciences, Russian Academy of Sciences. The "wave genome": DNA as a source and receiver of electromagnetic and acoustic information.

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• Gariaev, P. P. The Wave Genome. Moscow, 1994. (In Russian) Find publication ↗
• Gariaev, P. P.; Birshtein, B. I.; Iarochenko, A. M.; Marcer, P. J.; Tertishny, G. G.; Leonova, K. A.; Kaempf, U. The DNA-wave biocomputer. CASYS 2001, 10, 290-310. Find publication ↗

Russia · BIO

Index note: Co-author with Gariaev on the wave genome.

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• Gariaev, P. P.; Birshtein, B. I.; Iarochenko, A. M.; Marcer, P. J.; Tertishny, G. G.; Leonova, K. A.; Kaempf, U. The DNA-wave biocomputer. CASYS 2001, 10, 290-310. Find publication ↗

Italy · QED CONS

Index note: Theoretical physicist, University of Salerno. Dissipative quantum model of the brain (1995); "My Double Unveiled" (2001); with W. J. Freeman, brain dynamics as macroscopic quantum field dynamics (2006-).

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Related entries in this collection

• Del Giudice, E.; Doglia, S.; Milani, M.; Vitiello, G. Spontaneous symmetry breakdown and boson condensation in biology. Phys. Lett. A 1983, 95, 508-510. Find publication ↗
• Del Giudice, E.; Doglia, S.; Milani, M.; Vitiello, G. A quantum field theoretical approach to the collective behaviour of biological systems. Nucl. Phys. B 1985, 251, 375-400. Find publication ↗
• Del Giudice, E.; Doglia, S.; Milani, M.; Vitiello, G. Electromagnetic field and spontaneous symmetry breaking in biological matter. Nucl. Phys. B 1986, 275, 185-199. Find publication ↗
• Del Giudice, E.; Preparata, G.; Vitiello, G. Water as a free electric dipole laser. Phys. Rev. Lett. 1988, 61, 1085-1088. Find publication ↗
• Del Giudice, E.; Doglia, S.; Milani, M.; Smith, C. W.; Vitiello, G. Magnetic flux quantization and Josephson behaviour in living systems. Phys. Scr. 1989, 40, 786-791. Find publication ↗
• Celeghini, E.; Rasetti, M.; Vitiello, G. Quantum dissipation. Ann. Phys. 1992, 215, 156-170. Find publication ↗
• Vitiello, G. Dissipation and memory capacity in the quantum brain model. Int. J. Mod. Phys. B 1995, 9, 973-989. Find publication ↗
• Alfinito, E.; Vitiello, G. The dissipative quantum model of brain: how does memory localize in correlated neuronal domains. Inf. Sci. 2000, 128, 217-229. Find publication ↗
• Vitiello, G. My Double Unveiled: The Dissipative Quantum Model of Brain. Amsterdam: John Benjamins, 2001. Find publication ↗
• Pessa, E.; Vitiello, G. Quantum noise induced entanglement and chaos in the dissipative quantum model of brain. Int. J. Mod. Phys. B 2004, 18, 841-858. Find publication ↗
• Del Giudice, E.; Vitiello, G. Role of the electromagnetic field in the formation of domains in the process of symmetry-breaking phase transitions. Phys. Rev. A 2006, 74, 022105. Find publication ↗
• Freeman, W. J.; Vitiello, G. Nonlinear brain dynamics as macroscopic manifestation of underlying many-body field dynamics. Phys. Life Rev. 2006, 3, 93-118. Find publication ↗
• Freeman, W. J.; Vitiello, G. Dissipation and spontaneous symmetry breaking in brain dynamics. J. Phys. A 2008, 41, 304042. Find publication ↗
• Freeman, W. J.; Vitiello, G. Dissipative neurodynamics in perception forms cortical patterns that are stabilized by vortices. J. Phys. Conf. Ser. 2009, 174, 012011. Find publication ↗
• Blasone, M.; Jizba, P.; Vitiello, G. Quantum Field Theory and Its Macroscopic Manifestations. London: Imperial College Press, 2011. Find publication ↗
• Montagnier, L.; Aissa, J.; Del Giudice, E.; Lavallee, C.; Tedeschi, A.; Vitiello, G. DNA waves and water. J. Phys. Conf. Ser. 2011, 306, 012007. Find publication ↗
• Vitiello, G. Fractals, coherent states and self-similarity induced noncommutative geometry. Phys. Lett. A 2012, 376, 2527-2532. Find publication ↗
• Capolupo, A.; Freeman, W. J.; Vitiello, G. Dissipation of "dark energy" by cortex in knowledge retrieval. Phys. Life Rev. 2013, 10, 85-94. Find publication ↗
• Montagnier, L.; Del Giudice, E.; Aissa, J.; Lavallee, C.; Motschwiller, S.; Capolupo, A.; Polcari, A.; Romano, P.; Tedeschi, A.; Vitiello, G. Transduction of DNA information through water and electromagnetic waves. Electromagn. Biol. Med. 2015, 34, 106-112. Find publication ↗

USA / Canada Researcher and research type · HELIO CONS

Index note: Neuroscientist, Laurentian University. Geomagnetic activity and human behavior; weak complex magnetic fields and brain function. Qualification and main contribution

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• Buckner, C. A.; Buckner, A. L.; Koren, S. A.; Persinger, M. A.; Lafrenie, R. M. Inhibition of cancer cell growth by exposure to a specific time-varying electromagnetic field involves T-type calcium channels. PLoS ONE 2015, 10, e0124136. Find publication ↗

Russia · COSMO HELIO

Index note: Physician (MD); International Institute of Cosmic Anthropoecology, Novosibirsk. Co-author with Kaznacheev; Kozyrev-mirror patent RU2122446 (1996); helio-geomagnetic protector patent RU2342149 (2007).

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• Kaznacheev, V. P.; Trofimov, A. V. Cosmic Consciousness of Humanity: Problems of New Cosmogony. Tomsk: Elendis-Progress, 1992. Find publication ↗
• Kaznacheev, V. P.; Trofimov, A. V. Device for correction of human psychosomatic diseases (Kozyrev mirror). Patent RU2122446, filed 2 July 1996, published 27 November 1998. Find publication ↗
• Trofimov, A. V. Means that has helio- and geomagnetic-protector properties. Patent RU2342149, filed 2007. Find publication ↗

Russia · ICR

Index note: Biophysicist, Institute of Cell Biophysics, Pushchino. Co-discoverer of the Zhadin effect; weak combined fields tuned to ICR act on neutrophils and free-radical processes.

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• Novikov, V. V.; Zhadin, M. N. Combined action of weak static and low-frequency alternating magnetic fields on ionic current in aqueous amino acid solutions. Biofizika 1994, 39, 45-49. (In Russian) (THE ORIGINAL "ZHADIN EFFECT" PAPER) Find publication ↗
• Novikov, V. V. et al. Magnetic field effects on calcium ion binding. Biofizika 1998. Find publication ↗
• Zhadin, M. N.; Novikov, V. V.; Barnes, F. S.; Pergola, N. F. Combined action of static and alternating magnetic fields on ionic current in aqueous glutamic acid solution. Bioelectromagnetics 1998, 19, 41-45. Find publication ↗
• Novikov, V. V.; Yablokova, E. V.; Fesenko, E. E. Stimulation and inhibition of respiratory burst in neutrophils as a result of action of weak combined magnetic fields adjusted to ICR of protonated water forms. Electromagn. Biol. Med. 2020, 39, 364-373. Find publication ↗

Russia · ICR

Index note: Biophysicist, Institute of Biological Physics, Pushchino. Ion parametric resonance mechanism for weak magnetic fields (1991).

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• Lednev, V. V. Possible mechanism for the influence of weak magnetic fields on biological systems. Bioelectromagnetics 1991, 12, 71-75. Find publication ↗
• Adair, R. K. Criticism of Lednev's mechanism for the influence of weak magnetic fields on biological systems. Bioelectromagnetics 1992, 13, 231-235. Find publication ↗
• Lednev, V. V. Possible mechanism for the effect of weak magnetic fields on biological systems: correction of the basic expression and its consequences. In: Blank, M. (ed.) Electricity and Magnetism in Biology and Medicine. San Francisco Press, 1993, 550-552. Find publication ↗
• Lednev, V. V. Interference with the vibrational energy sublevels of ions bound in calcium-binding proteins as the basis for the interaction of weak magnetic fields with biological systems. In: Frey, A. H. (ed.) On the Nature of Electromagnetic Field Interactions with Biological Systems. RG Landes, 1994, 59-72. Find publication ↗

Russia · HELIO

Index note: Physicist, Prokhorov General Physics Institute, Moscow. "Magnetobiology: Underlying Physical Problems" (2002); the "kT paradox"; blinded human hypomagnetic studies with R. M. Sarimov.

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• Binhi, V. N. Magnetobiology: Underlying Physical Problems. London: Academic Press, 2002. Find publication ↗
• Binhi, V. N.; Rubin, A. B. Magnetobiology: the kT paradox and possible solutions. Electromagn. Biol. Med. 2007, 26, 45-62. Find publication ↗
• Binhi, V. N.; Sarimov, R. M. Zero magnetic field effect observed in human cognitive processes. Electromagn. Biol. Med. 2009, 28, 310-315. Find publication ↗
• Binhi, V. N.; Prato, F. S. Biological effects of the hypomagnetic field: an analytical review of experiments and theories. PLoS ONE 2017, 12, e0179340. Find publication ↗

Russia · HELIO

Index note: Biophysicist, Prokhorov General Physics Institute. Hypomagnetic field effects on human cognition and pupil size.

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• Binhi, V. N.; Sarimov, R. M. Zero magnetic field effect observed in human cognitive processes. Electromagn. Biol. Med. 2009, 28, 310-315. Find publication ↗

USA · ICR

Index note: Engström: physicist, Vanderbilt University. Bowman: NIOSH. Theory of magnetic resonances of ions in biological systems (2005).

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• Engstrom, S.; Fitzsimmons, R. Five hypotheses to examine the nature of magnetic field transduction in biological systems. Bioelectromagnetics 1999, 20, 423-430. Find publication ↗
• Engstrom, S.; Bowman, J. D. Magnetic resonances of ions in biological systems. Bioelectromagnetics 2005, 26, 620-630. Find publication ↗

Germany · ICR

Index note: Physicist, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Munich. Replication of the Zhadin effect by nonlinear dielectric spectroscopy (2004).

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• Pazur, A. Characterisation of weak magnetic field effects in an aqueous glutamic acid solution by nonlinear dielectric spectroscopy and voltammetry. Biomagn. Res. Technol. 2004, 2, 8. Find publication ↗

Italy · ICR

Index note: Physicist, ISPESL, Rome. Experimental ICR; Zhadin-cell replication (2009).

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• Comisso, N.; Del Giudice, E.; De Ninno, A.; Fleischmann, M.; Giuliani, L.; Mengoli, G.; Merlo, F.; Talpo, G. Dynamics of the ion cyclotron resonance effect on amino acids adsorbed at the interfaces. Bioelectromagnetics 2006, 27, 16-25. Find publication ↗
• Zhadin, M.; Giuliani, L. Some problems in modern bioelectromagnetics. Electromagn. Biol. Med. 2006, 25(4), 227-243. Find publication ↗
• Giuliani, L.; Grimaldi, S.; Lisi, A.; D'Emilia, E.; Bobkova, N.; Zhadin, M. Action of combined magnetic fields on aqueous solution of glutamic acid: the further development of investigations. Biomagn. Res. Technol. 2008, 6, 1. Find publication ↗
• Gaetani, R.; Ledda, M.; Barile, L.; Chimenti, I.; De Carlo, F.; Forte, E.; Ionta, V.; Giuliani, L.; D'Emilia, E.; Frati, G.; et al. Differentiation of human adult cardiac stem cells exposed to extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields. Cardiovasc. Res. 2009, 82, 411-420. Find publication ↗
• Giuliani, L.; D'Emilia, E.; Grimaldi, S.; Lisi, A.; Bobkova, N.; Zhadin, M. N. Investigating the ICR effect in a Zhadin's cell. Int. J. Biomed. Sci. 2009, 5, 181-186. Find publication ↗
• Ledda, M.; Megiorni, F.; Pozzi, D.; Giuliani, L.; D'Emilia, E.; Piccirillo, S.; Mattei, C.; Grimaldi, S.; Lisi, A. Non ionising radiation as a non chemical strategy in regenerative medicine: Ca2+-ICR "in vitro" effect on neuronal differentiation and tumorigenicity modulation in NT2 cells. PLoS ONE 2013, 8, e61535. Find publication ↗

Italy · ICR

Index note: Biologist, Institute of Translational Pharmacology, CNR, Rome. ICR in cell differentiation and regenerative medicine.

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Related entries in this collection

• Giuliani, L.; Grimaldi, S.; Lisi, A.; D'Emilia, E.; Bobkova, N.; Zhadin, M. Action of combined magnetic fields on aqueous solution of glutamic acid: the further development of investigations. Biomagn. Res. Technol. 2008, 6, 1. Find publication ↗
• Giuliani, L.; D'Emilia, E.; Grimaldi, S.; Lisi, A.; Bobkova, N.; Zhadin, M. N. Investigating the ICR effect in a Zhadin's cell. Int. J. Biomed. Sci. 2009, 5, 181-186. Find publication ↗
• Foletti, A.; Ledda, M.; De Carlo, F.; Grimaldi, S.; Lisi, A. Calcium ion cyclotron resonance (ICR), 7.0 Hz, 9.2 uT magnetic field exposure initiates differentiation of pituitary corticotrope-derived AtT20 D16V cells. Electromagn. Biol. Med. 2010, 29, 63-71. Find publication ↗
• Foletti, A.; Grimaldi, S.; Lisi, A.; Ledda, M.; Liboff, A. R. Bioelectromagnetic medicine: the role of resonance signaling. Electromagn. Biol. Med. 2013, 32, 484-499. Find publication ↗
• Ledda, M.; Megiorni, F.; Pozzi, D.; Giuliani, L.; D'Emilia, E.; Piccirillo, S.; Mattei, C.; Grimaldi, S.; Lisi, A. Non ionising radiation as a non chemical strategy in regenerative medicine: Ca2+-ICR "in vitro" effect on neuronal differentiation and tumorigenicity modulation in NT2 cells. PLoS ONE 2013, 8, e61535. Find publication ↗

Italy · ICR

Index note: Biologists, CNR, Rome. ICR-Ca2+ effects on stem-cell, neuronal and cardiac differentiation.

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Related entries in this collection

• Giuliani, L.; Grimaldi, S.; Lisi, A.; D'Emilia, E.; Bobkova, N.; Zhadin, M. Action of combined magnetic fields on aqueous solution of glutamic acid: the further development of investigations. Biomagn. Res. Technol. 2008, 6, 1. Find publication ↗
• Lisi, A.; Ledda, M.; de Carlo, F.; Pozzi, D.; Messina, E.; Gaetani, R.; Chimenti, I.; Barile, L.; Giacomello, A.; D'Emilia, E.; et al. Ion cyclotron resonance as a tool in regenerative medicine. Electromagn. Biol. Med. 2008, 27, 127-133. Find publication ↗
• Gaetani, R.; Ledda, M.; Barile, L.; Chimenti, I.; De Carlo, F.; Forte, E.; Ionta, V.; Giuliani, L.; D'Emilia, E.; Frati, G.; et al. Differentiation of human adult cardiac stem cells exposed to extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields. Cardiovasc. Res. 2009, 82, 411-420. Find publication ↗
• Giuliani, L.; D'Emilia, E.; Grimaldi, S.; Lisi, A.; Bobkova, N.; Zhadin, M. N. Investigating the ICR effect in a Zhadin's cell. Int. J. Biomed. Sci. 2009, 5, 181-186. Find publication ↗
• Foletti, A.; Ledda, M.; De Carlo, F.; Grimaldi, S.; Lisi, A. Calcium ion cyclotron resonance (ICR), 7.0 Hz, 9.2 uT magnetic field exposure initiates differentiation of pituitary corticotrope-derived AtT20 D16V cells. Electromagn. Biol. Med. 2010, 29, 63-71. Find publication ↗
• Foletti, A.; Grimaldi, S.; Lisi, A.; Ledda, M.; Liboff, A. R. Bioelectromagnetic medicine: the role of resonance signaling. Electromagn. Biol. Med. 2013, 32, 484-499. Find publication ↗
• Ledda, M.; Megiorni, F.; Pozzi, D.; Giuliani, L.; D'Emilia, E.; Piccirillo, S.; Mattei, C.; Grimaldi, S.; Lisi, A. Non ionising radiation as a non chemical strategy in regenerative medicine: Ca2+-ICR "in vitro" effect on neuronal differentiation and tumorigenicity modulation in NT2 cells. PLoS ONE 2013, 8, e61535. Find publication ↗

Switzerland / Italy · ICR

Index note: Researcher in bioelectromagnetics with the CNR Rome group. 7.0 Hz / 9.2 µT Ca2+-ICR differentiation studies; "resonance signaling" review with Liboff (2013).

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Related entries in this collection

• Foletti, A.; Ledda, M.; De Carlo, F.; Grimaldi, S.; Lisi, A. Calcium ion cyclotron resonance (ICR), 7.0 Hz, 9.2 uT magnetic field exposure initiates differentiation of pituitary corticotrope-derived AtT20 D16V cells. Electromagn. Biol. Med. 2010, 29, 63-71. Find publication ↗
• Foletti, A.; Grimaldi, S.; Lisi, A.; Ledda, M.; Liboff, A. R. Bioelectromagnetic medicine: the role of resonance signaling. Electromagn. Biol. Med. 2013, 32, 484-499. Find publication ↗

Italy · ICR BIO

Index note: Engineer and physicist, Politecnico di Torino. Thermomagnetic resonance and engineering thermodynamics of cells; with F. Silvagno, L. Bergandi and G. Grisolia.

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• Lucia, U. Bioengineering thermodynamics of biological cells. Theor. Biol. Med. Model. 2015, 12, 29. Find publication ↗
• Lucia, U. Electromagnetic waves and living cells: a kinetic thermodynamic approach. Physica A 2016, 461, 577-585. Find publication ↗
• Lucia, U.; Grisolia, G.; Ponzetto, A.; Silvagno, F. An engineering thermodynamic approach to select the electromagnetic wave effective on cell growth. J. Theor. Biol. 2017, 429, 181-189. Find publication ↗
• Bergandi, L.; Lucia, U.; Grisolia, G.; Granata, R.; Gesmundo, I.; Ponzetto, A.; Paolucci, E.; Borchiellini, R.; Ghigo, E.; Silvagno, F. The extremely low frequency electromagnetic stimulation selective for cancer cells elicits growth arrest through a metabolic shift. Biochim. Biophys. Acta Mol. Cell Res. 2019, 1866, 1389-1397. Find publication ↗
• Lucia, U.; Grisolia, G.; Ponzetto, A.; Bergandi, L.; Silvagno, F. Thermomagnetic resonance affects cancer growth and motility. R. Soc. Open Sci. 2020, 7, 200299. Find publication ↗
• Bergandi, L.; Lucia, U.; Grisolia, G.; Salaroglio, I. C.; Gesmundo, I.; Granata, R.; Borchiellini, R.; Ponzetto, A.; Silvagno, F. Thermomagnetic resonance effect of the extremely low frequency electromagnetic field on three-dimensional cancer models. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23, 7955. Find publication ↗

Italy · BIO ICR

Index note: Researcher and physician (MD). Electromagnetic radiation and the fetal and early-postnatal brain; ELF-EMF effects on human EEG and on autism spectrum symptoms; connective tissue remodeling and mechanical resonance absorption.

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• Garoli, A. Vibration und Gewebewiederherstellung (Vibration and tissue repair). Elsevier, ScienceDirect PII S1615-9071(14)60059-9. Find publication ↗
• Greco, A.; Garoli, A. Effects of non-focused ELF-EMF treatment on EEG: preliminary study. Transl. Neurosci. Res. Rev. 2019, 2(1), 38-52. doi:10.36959/817/524 Open DOI ↗
• Pietramala, K.; Greco, A.; Garoli, A.; Roblin, D. Effects of extremely low-frequency electromagnetic field treatment on ASD symptoms in children: a pilot study. Brain Sci. 2024, 14(12), 1293. doi:10.3390/brainsci14121293 Open DOI ↗
• Garoli, A.; Greco, A. Shielding the first 24 postnatal months of life: a proposal for a prospective cohort study of early-life electromagnetic exposure and autism risk. Alpha Psychiatry 2026, 27(4), 53282. doi:10.31083/AP53282 Open DOI ↗

Italy · ICR BIO

Index note: Physician (MD). Clinical studies of ELF-EMF and ICR-like stimulation on heart rate variability, EEG, osteoarthritis, depression, psychiatry and autism spectrum disorder. "Resonant Convergence" (2026): ICR, IPR, QED coherence and thermomagnetic resonance converging on Ca2+-calmodulin signaling.

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• Greco, A.; Destefani, A. Effects of non-focused ELF-EMF treatment on HRV: preliminary study. Int. J. Depress. Anxiety 2018, 1(1), 005. doi:10.23937/ijda-2017/1710005 Open DOI ↗
• Greco, A.; Malfatti, N.; Lorengo, V.; Zanella, E.; Sarnella, L.; Frati, I.; Panza, N. ICR-like and osteoarthritis in geriatric patients: pilot study at an RCH facility. Find publication ↗
• Greco, A.; Garoli, A. Effects of non-focused ELF-EMF treatment on EEG: preliminary study. Transl. Neurosci. Res. Rev. 2019, 2(1), 38-52. doi:10.36959/817/524 Open DOI ↗
• Pietramala, K.; Greco, A.; Garoli, A.; Roblin, D. Effects of extremely low-frequency electromagnetic field treatment on ASD symptoms in children: a pilot study. Brain Sci. 2024, 14(12), 1293. doi:10.3390/brainsci14121293 Open DOI ↗
• Garoli, A.; Greco, A. Shielding the first 24 postnatal months of life: a proposal for a prospective cohort study of early-life electromagnetic exposure and autism risk. Alpha Psychiatry 2026, 27(4), 53282. doi:10.31083/AP53282 Open DOI ↗
• Greco, A. Resonant Convergence. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2026, 27, 423. doi:10.3390/ijms27010423 Open DOI ↗
• Betti, M.; Picchi, M. P. C.; Saettoni, M.; Greco, A. Ion cyclotron resonance: results and prospects for psychiatry. Find publication ↗
• Carioni, G.; Greco, A. Effects of ELF-EMF treatment on depression. Find publication ↗

1. Galvani, L. De viribus electricitatis in motu musculari commentarius. Bologna, 1791.

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1. Volta, A. Letters on animal electricity (Lettere sull'elettricita animale). 1792.

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1. Matteucci, C. Sur un phenomene physiologique produit par les muscles en contraction. C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris, 1842.

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1. Matteucci, C. Traite des phenomenes electro-physiologiques des animaux. Paris, 1844.

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1. Loeb, J.; Beutner, R. The source of the current of injury. Science, 1912.

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1. Gildemeister, M. and students. Measurements of resistance and capacitance of skin and nerve. [individual papers to identify]

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1. Philippson, M. Electrical properties (impedance) of red blood cells. 1921.

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1. Debye, P.; Huckel, E. The theory of electrolytes. I. Lowering of freezing point and related phenomena. Phys. Z. 1923, 24, 185-206.

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2. Gurwitsch, A. G. Discovery of mitogenetic radiation (onion-root experiments). 1923.

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1. Chizhevsky, A. L. Physical Factors of the Historical Process. Kaluga, 1924. (In Russian)

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1. Hozawa, S. Impedance measurements of tissue. 1925.

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1. Blinks, L. R. Electrical measurements on Valonia. 1926.

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2. Vernadsky, V. I. The Biosphere. Leningrad, 1926. (In Russian)

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1. Cole, K. S. Electric impedance of suspensions of Arbacia (sea urchin) eggs. J. Gen. Physiol. 1928.

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2. Kruger, ... Impedance measurements. 1928.

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3. Lullies, H. Measurements on nerve impedance. 1928; 1930.

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1. Sapegno, E. Electrical impedance of muscle. 1930.

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1. Fricke, H. Electrical properties of muscle. 1931.

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1. Burr, H. S.; Northrop, F. S. C. The electro-dynamic theory of life. Q. Rev. Biol. 1935, 10, 322-333.

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1. Burr, H. S. Electromagnetic fields of life. Science 1940.

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2. Chizhevsky, A. L. Cosmobiologie et rythme du milieu exterieur. Acta Med. Scand. 1940, 108 (Suppl.), 211.

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1. Vernadsky, V. I. The biosphere and the noosphere. American Scientist 1945, 33, 1-12.

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1. Lund, E. J. and collaborators. Bioelectric Fields and Growth. University of Texas Press, Austin, 1947.

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1. Hodgkin, A. L.; Huxley, A. F. A quantitative description of membrane current and its application to conduction and excitation in nerve. J. Physiol. 1952, 117, 500-544.

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1. Kozyrev, N. A. Causal or Asymmetrical Mechanics in the Linear Approximation. Pulkovo, 1958. (In Russian)

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1. Halberg, F. Physiologic 24-hour periodicity; general and procedural considerations with reference to the adrenal cycle. Z. Vitamin-, Hormon- u. Fermentforsch. 1959, 10, 225-296. (Origin of "circadian")

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1. Nalimov, V. V. The Application of Mathematical Statistics to Chemical Analysis. Moscow, 1960. (English: Pergamon, 1963)

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1. Burr, H. S. The Nature of Man and the Meaning of Existence. 1962.

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2. Vasiliev, L. L. Experiments in Mental Suggestion. Leningrad, 1962. (English edition 1963; reissued 2002)

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1. Nalimov, V. V.; Chernova, N. A. Statistical Methods of Planning Extremal Experiments. Moscow: Nauka, 1965. (In Russian)

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1. Kozyrev, N. A. Possibility of Experimental Study of the Properties of Time. Pulkovo, 1967.

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2. Ricciardi, L. M.; Umezawa, H. Brain and physics of many-body problems. Kybernetik 1967, 4, 44-48.

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1. Cole, K. S. Membranes, Ions and Impulses: A Chapter of Classical Biophysics. University of California Press, Berkeley, 1968.

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2. Frohlich, H. Long-range coherence and energy storage in biological systems. Int. J. Quantum Chem. 1968, 2, 641-649.

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3. Presman, A. S. Electromagnetic Fields and Life. Moscow: Nauka, 1968. (English: Plenum Press, New York, 1970)

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1. Halberg, F. Chronobiology. Annu. Rev. Physiol. 1969, 31, 675-725.

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2. Nalimov, V. V.; Mul'chenko, Z. M. Naukometriya: The Study of the Development of Science as an Information Process. Moscow: Nauka, 1969. (English machine translation: "Measurement of Science")

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3. Zhadin, M. N. Mechanisms for synchronization of biopotentials in the cerebral cortex. Biofizika 1969, 14, 636-643; 1969, 14, 897-914; 1972, 17, 283-290; 1973, 18, 1084-1089. (In Russian)

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1. Nalimov, V. V. Theory of Experiment. Moscow: Nauka, 1971. (In Russian)

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2. Urry, D. W. The gramicidin A transmembrane channel: a proposed pi(L,D) helix. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 1971, 68, 672-676.

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1. Becker, R. O. Stimulation of partial limb regeneration in rats. Nature 1972, 235, 109-111.

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2. Burr, H. S. Blueprint for Immortality. London: Neville Spearman, 1972. (US edition: The Fields of Life. Ballantine Books, 1972)

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1. Chizhevsky, A. L. The Terrestrial Echo of Solar Storms. Moscow: Mysl', 1973. (In Russian; posthumous edition)

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1. Nalimov, V. V. Probabilistic Model of Language. Moscow: Nauka, 1974; 2nd ed. 1979. (In Russian)

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2. Targ, R.; Puthoff, H. Information transmission under conditions of sensory shielding. Nature 1974, 251, 602-607.

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1. Marron, M. T.; Goodman, E. M.; Greenebaum, B. Mitotic delay in the slime mould Physarum polycephalum induced by low intensity 60 and 75 Hz electromagnetic fields. Nature 1975, 254, 66-67.

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1. Bawin, S. M.; Adey, W. R. Sensitivity of calcium binding in cerebral tissue to weak environmental electric fields oscillating at low frequency. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 1976, 73, 1999-2003.

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2. Puthoff, H. E.; Targ, R. A perceptual channel for information transfer over kilometer distances. Proc. IEEE 1976, 64, 329-354.

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1. Bawin, S. M.; Adey, W. R.; Sabbot, I. M. Ionic factors in release of 45Ca2+ from chicken cerebral tissue by electromagnetic fields. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 1978, 75, 6314-6318.

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2. Dubrov, A. P. The Geomagnetic Field and Life: Geomagnetobiology. New York: Plenum Press, 1978. (Russian original 1974)

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3. Stuart, C. I. J. M.; Takahashi, Y.; Umezawa, H. On the stability and non-local properties of memory. J. Theor. Biol. 1978, 71, 605-618.

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1. Blackman, C. F.; Elder, J. A.; Weil, C. M.; Benane, S. G.; Eichinger, D. C.; House, D. E. Induction of calcium-ion efflux from brain tissue by radio-frequency radiation: effects of modulation frequency and field strength. Radio Sci. 1979, 14, 93-98.

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2. Gumilev, L. N. Ethnogenesis and the Biosphere of Earth. Deposited at VINITI, 1979; published Leningrad, 1989. (In Russian)

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3. Stuart, C. I. J. M.; Takahashi, Y.; Umezawa, H. Mixed-system brain dynamics: neural memory as a macroscopic ordered state. Found. Phys. 1979, 9, 301-327.

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4. Wertheimer, N.; Leeper, E. Electrical wiring configurations and childhood cancer. Am. J. Epidemiol. 1979, 109, 273-284.

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1. Adey, W. R. Frequency and power windowing in tissue interactions with weak electromagnetic fields. Proc. IEEE 1980, 68, 119-125.

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2. Cozzarelli, N. R. DNA gyrase and the supercoiling of DNA. Science 1980, 207, 953-960.

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1. Aarholt, E.; Flinn, E. A.; Smith, C. W. Effects of low-frequency magnetic fields on bacterial growth rate. Phys. Med. Biol. 1981, 26, 613-621.

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2. Kaznacheev, V. P.; Mikhailova, L. P. Ultraweak Radiation in Intercellular Interactions. Novosibirsk: Nauka, 1981. (In Russian)

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3. Nalimov, V. V. Faces of Science. Philadelphia: ISI Press, 1981.

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4. Nalimov, V. V. In the Labyrinths of Language: A Mathematician's Journey. Philadelphia: ISI Press, 1981.

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5. Nunez, P. L. Electric Fields of the Brain. New York-Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1981.

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6. Ravitz, L. J. Field Theory in Biology. 1981.

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1. Bassett, C. A. L.; Mitchell, S. N.; Gaston, S. R. Pulsing electromagnetic field treatment in ununited fractures and failed arthrodeses. JAMA 1982, 247, 623-628.

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2. Del Giudice, E.; Doglia, S.; Milani, M. Self-focusing of Fröhlich waves and cytoskeleton dynamics. Phys. Lett. A 1982, 90, 104-106.

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3. Delgado, J. M. R.; Leal, J.; Monteagudo, J. L.; Gracia, M. G. Embryological changes induced by weak, extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields. J. Anat. 1982, 134, 533-551.

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4. Dubrov, A. P.; Pushkin, V. N. Parapsychology and Contemporary Science. New York: Consultants Bureau, 1982.

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5. Milham, S., Jr. Mortality from leukemia in workers exposed to electrical and magnetic fields. N. Engl. J. Med. 1982, 307, 249.

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6. Nalimov, V. V. Realms of the Unconscious: The Enchanted Frontier. Philadelphia: ISI Press, 1982.

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7. Wertheimer, N.; Leeper, E. Adult cancer related to electrical wires near the home. Int. J. Epidemiol. 1982, 11, 345-355.

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8. Wright, W. E.; Peters, J. M.; Mack, T. M. Leukaemia in workers exposed to electrical and magnetic fields. Lancet 1982, 2, 1160-1161.

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9. Zhadin, M. N. Theory of Rhythmic Processes in the Cerebral Cortex. Pushchino, 1982. (In Russian)

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1. Alberts, B.; Bray, D.; Lewis, J.; Raff, M.; Roberts, K.; Watson, J. D. Molecular Biology of the Cell. New York: Garland, 1983.

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2. Coleman, M.; Bell, J.; Skeet, R. Leukaemia incidence in electrical workers. Lancet 1983, 1, 982-983.

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3. Del Giudice, E.; Doglia, S.; Milani, M.; Vitiello, G. Spontaneous symmetry breakdown and boson condensation in biology. Phys. Lett. A 1983, 95, 508-510.

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4. Goodman, R.; Bassett, C. A. L.; Henderson, A. S. Pulsing electromagnetic fields induce cellular transcription. Science 1983, 220, 1283-1285.

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5. Liboff, A. R.; Homer, L. Bioelectromagnetics Society Abstract A6, Boulder, 1983.

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6. McDowall, M. E. Leukaemia mortality in electrical workers in England and Wales. Lancet 1983, 1, 246.

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7. Pilla, A. A.; Sechaud, P.; McLeod, B. R. Electrochemical and electrical aspects of low-frequency electromagnetic current induction in biological systems. J. Biol. Phys. 1983, 11, 51-58.

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8. Stevens, F. C. Calmodulin: an introduction. Can. J. Biochem. Cell Biol. 1983, 61, 906-910. Vladimirov, Yu. A.; Roshchupkin, D. I.; Potapenko, A. Ya.; Deev, A. I. Biophysics. Moscow: Meditsina, 1983. (In Russian)

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1. Blackman, C. F.; Benane, S. G.; House, D. E.; Rabinowitz, J. R. Bioelectromagnetics Society Abstract SA-4, 1984.

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2. Chiabrera, A.; Grattarola, M.; Viviani, R. Interaction between electromagnetic fields and cells: microelectrophoretic effect on ligands and surface receptors. Bioelectromagnetics 1984, 5, 173-191.

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3. Jordan, P. C. J. Membr. Biol. 1984, 78, 91-102.

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4. Liboff, A. R.; Williams, T., Jr.; Strong, D. M.; Wistar, R., Jr. Time-varying magnetic fields: effect on DNA synthesis. Science 1984, 223, 818-820.

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5. Popot, J.-L.; Changeux, J.-P. Nicotinic receptor of acetylcholine: structure of an oligomeric integral membrane protein. Physiol. Rev. 1984, 64, 1162-1239.

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6. Sisken, B. F.; McLeod, B.; Pilla, A. A. J. Bioelectr. 1984, 3, 81-101.

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7. Wertheimer, N. AAAS Annual Meeting, New York, 1984.

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8. Winters, W. D.; Phillips, J. L. Bioelectromagnetics Society Abstract A2-6, Atlanta, 1984.

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9. Zhadin, M. N. Biophysical Mechanisms of Electroencephalogram Formation. Moscow: Nauka, 1984. (In Russian)

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10. Zhadin, M. N. Rhythmic processes in the cerebral cortex. J. Theor. Biol. 1984, 108, 565-595.

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1. Becker, R. O.; Selden, G. The Body Electric: Electromagnetism and the Foundation of Life. New York: William Morrow, 1985.

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2. Blackman, C. F.; Benane, S. G.; Rabinowitz, J. R.; House, D. E.; Joines, W. T. A role for the magnetic field in the radiation-induced efflux of calcium ions from brain tissue in vitro. Bioelectromagnetics 1985, 6, 327-337.

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3. Del Giudice, E.; Doglia, S.; Milani, M.; Vitiello, G. A quantum field theoretical approach to the collective behaviour of biological systems. Nucl. Phys. B 1985, 251, 375-400.

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4. Liboff, A. R. Cyclotron resonance in membrane transport. In: Chiabrera, A.; Nicolini, C.; Schwan, H. P. (eds.) Interactions between Electromagnetic Fields and Cells. New York: Plenum, 1985, 281-296.

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5. Liboff, A. R. Geomagnetic cyclotron resonance in living cells. J. Biol. Phys. 1985, 13, 99-102.

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6. Nalimov, V. V. Space, Time, and Life: The Probabilistic Pathways of Evolution. Philadelphia: ISI Press, 1985.

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1. Del Giudice, E.; Doglia, S.; Milani, M.; Vitiello, G. Electromagnetic field and spontaneous symmetry breaking in biological matter. Nucl. Phys. B 1986, 275, 185-199.

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2. McLeod, B. R.; Liboff, A. R. Dynamic characteristics of membrane ions in multifield configurations of low-frequency electromagnetic radiation. Bioelectromagnetics 1986, 7, 177-189.

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3. Thomas, J. R.; Schrot, J.; Liboff, A. R. Low-intensity magnetic fields alter operant behavior in rats. Bioelectromagnetics 1986, 7, 349-357.

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1. Liboff, A. R.; Rozek, R. J.; Sherman, M. L.; McLeod, B. R.; Smith, S. D. Ca2+-45 cyclotron resonance in human lymphocytes. J. Bioelectricity 1987, 6, 13-22.

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2. Liboff, A. R.; Smith, S. D.; McLeod, B. R. Experimental evidence for ion cyclotron resonance mediation of membrane transport. In: Blank, M.; Findl, E. (eds.) Mechanistic Approaches to Interactions of Electric and Electromagnetic Fields with Living Systems. Plenum, 1987, 109-132.

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3. McLeod, B. R.; Smith, S. D.; Cooksey, K. E.; Liboff, A. R. Ion cyclotron resonance frequencies enhance Ca++-dependent motility in diatoms. J. Bioelectricity 1987, 6, 1-12.

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4. Smith, S. D.; McLeod, B. R.; Liboff, A. R.; Cooksey, K. Calcium cyclotron resonance and diatom mobility. Bioelectromagnetics 1987, 8, 215-227.

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5. Zhadin, M. N. Electrophysiological manifestations of the monoaminergic systems' effects on the cerebral cortex. Neurosci. Behav. Physiol. 1987, 17, 152-160.

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1. Del Giudice, E.; Preparata, G.; Vitiello, G. Water as a free electric dipole laser. Phys. Rev. Lett. 1988, 61, 1085-1088.

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2. Liboff, A. R.; McLeod, B. R. Kinetics of channelized membrane ions in magnetic fields. Bioelectromagnetics 1988, 9, 39-51.

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1. Del Giudice, E.; Doglia, S.; Milani, M.; Smith, C. W.; Vitiello, G. Magnetic flux quantization and Josephson behaviour in living systems. Phys. Scr. 1989, 40, 786-791.

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2. Gumilev, L. N. Ethnogenesis and the Biosphere of Earth. Leningrad University Press, 1989. (In Russian; written in the 1970s)

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3. Nalimov, V. V. Spontaneity of Consciousness: A Probabilistic Theory of Meanings and the Semantic Architectonics of Personality. Moscow: Prometei, 1989. (In Russian)

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1. Zhadin, M. N.; Fesenko, E. E. Ionic cyclotron resonance in biomolecules. Biomed. Sci. 1990, 1, 245-250.

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1. Adair, R. K. Constraints on biological effects of weak extremely-low-frequency electromagnetic fields. Phys. Rev. A 1991, 43, 1039-1048.

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2. Kozyrev, N. A. Selected Works. Leningrad University Press, 1991. (In Russian)

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3. Lednev, V. V. Possible mechanism for the influence of weak magnetic fields on biological systems. Bioelectromagnetics 1991, 12, 71-75.

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4. Matzke, A. J. M.; Matzke, M. A. The electrical properties of the nuclear envelope, and their possible role in the regulation of eukaryotic gene expression. Bioelectrochem. Bioenerg. 1991, 25, 357-370.

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5. Zhadin, M. N. Biophysical mechanisms of the EEG formation. In: Dvorak, I.; Holden, A. (eds.) Mathematical Approaches to Brain Functioning Diagnostics. Manchester University Press, 1991, 13-29.

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1. Adair, R. K. Criticism of Lednev's mechanism for the influence of weak magnetic fields on biological systems. Bioelectromagnetics 1992, 13, 231-235.

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2. Celeghini, E.; Rasetti, M.; Vitiello, G. Quantum dissipation. Ann. Phys. 1992, 215, 156-170.

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3. Kaznacheev, V. P.; Trofimov, A. V. Cosmic Consciousness of Humanity: Problems of New Cosmogony. Tomsk: Elendis-Progress, 1992.

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4. Leno, G. H. Regulation of DNA replication by the nuclear envelope. Semin. Cell Biol. 1992, 3, 237-243.

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1. Adey, W. R. Biological effects of electromagnetic fields. J. Cell. Biochem. 1993, 51, 410-416.

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2. Lednev, V. V. Possible mechanism for the effect of weak magnetic fields on biological systems: correction of the basic expression and its consequences. In: Blank, M. (ed.) Electricity and Magnetism in Biology and Medicine. San Francisco Press, 1993, 550-552.

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3. Nalimov, V. V. In Search of Other Meanings. Moscow: Progress, 1993. (In Russian)

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4. Zhadin, M. N. Possible mechanism of the action of biogenic amines on the activity of cortical neurons. Biofizika 1993, 38, 353-358.

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1. Blackman, C. F.; Blanchard, J. P.; Benane, S. G.; House, D. E. Empirical test of an ion parametric resonance model for magnetic field interactions with PC-12 cells. Bioelectromagnetics 1994, 15, 239-260.

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2. Gariaev, P. P. The Wave Genome. Moscow, 1994. (In Russian)

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3. Lednev, V. V. Interference with the vibrational energy sublevels of ions bound in calcium-binding proteins as the basis for the interaction of weak magnetic fields with biological systems. In: Frey, A. H. (ed.) On the Nature of Electromagnetic Field Interactions with Biological Systems. RG Landes, 1994, 59-72.

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4. Novikov, V. V.; Zhadin, M. N. Combined action of weak static and low-frequency alternating magnetic fields on ionic current in aqueous amino acid solutions. Biofizika 1994, 39, 45-49. (In Russian) (THE ORIGINAL "ZHADIN EFFECT" PAPER)

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5. Zhadin, M. N. Formation of the rhythmic processes in the bioelectrical activity of the cerebral cortex. Biofizika 1994, 39, 133-150.

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1. Arani, R.; Bono, I.; Del Giudice, E.; Preparata, G. QED coherence and the thermodynamics of water. Int. J. Mod. Phys. B 1995, 9, 1813-1841.

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2. Blackman, C. F.; Blanchard, J. P.; Benane, S. G.; House, D. E. The ion parametric resonance model predicts magnetic field parameters that affect nerve cells. FASEB J. 1995, 9, 547-551.

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3. Breus, T. K.; Cornelissen, G.; Halberg, F.; Levitin, A. E. Temporal associations of life with solar and geophysical activity. Ann. Geophys. 1995, 13, 1211-1222.

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4. Del Giudice, E.; Preparata, G. Coherent dynamics in water as a possible explanation of biological membranes formation. J. Biol. Phys. 1995, 20, 105-116.

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5. Jenrow, K. A.; Smith, C. H.; Liboff, A. R. Weak extremely-low-frequency magnetic fields and regeneration in the planarian Dugesia tigrina. Bioelectromagnetics 1995, 16, 106-112.

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6. Jibu, M.; Yasue, K. Quantum Brain Dynamics and Consciousness. Amsterdam: John Benjamins, 1995.

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7. Preparata, G. QED Coherence in Matter. Singapore: World Scientific, 1995.

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8. Smith, S. D.; McLeod, B. R.; Liboff, A. R. Testing the ion cyclotron resonance theory of electromagnetic field interaction with odd and even harmonic tuning for cations. Bioelectrochem. Bioenerg. 1995, 38, 161-167.

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9. Vitiello, G. Dissipation and memory capacity in the quantum brain model. Int. J. Mod. Phys. B 1995, 9, 973-989.

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1. Kaznacheev, V. P.; Trofimov, A. V. Device for correction of human psychosomatic diseases (Kozyrev mirror). Patent RU2122446, filed 2 July 1996, published 27 November 1998.

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2. Zhadin, M. N. Effect of magnetic fields on the motion of an ion in a macromolecule: theoretical analysis. Biofizika 1996, 41(4), 832-850. (In Russian)

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1. Liboff, A. R. Electric-field ion cyclotron resonance. Bioelectromagnetics 1997, 18, 85-87.

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1. Novikov, V. V. et al. Magnetic field effects on calcium ion binding. Biofizika 1998.

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2. Piccolino, M. Animal electricity and the birth of electrophysiology: the legacy of Luigi Galvani. Brain Res. Bull. 1998, 46, 381-407.

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3. Zhadin, M. N. Combined action of static and alternating magnetic fields on ion motion in a macromolecule: theoretical aspects. Bioelectromagnetics 1998, 19, 279-292.

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4. Zhadin, M. N.; Novikov, V. V.; Barnes, F. S.; Pergola, N. F. Combined action of static and alternating magnetic fields on ionic current in aqueous glutamic acid solution. Bioelectromagnetics 1998, 19, 41-45.

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1. Engstrom, S.; Fitzsimmons, R. Five hypotheses to examine the nature of magnetic field transduction in biological systems. Bioelectromagnetics 1999, 20, 423-430.

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2. Zhadin, M. N.; Deryugina, O. N.; Pisachenko, T. M. Influence of combined DC and AC magnetic fields on rat behavior. Bioelectromagnetics 1999, 20, 378-386.

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1. Alfinito, E.; Vitiello, G. The dissipative quantum model of brain: how does memory localize in correlated neuronal domains. Inf. Sci. 2000, 128, 217-229.

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2. Chin, D.; Means, A. R. Calmodulin: a prototypical calcium sensor. Trends Cell Biol. 2000, 10, 322-328.

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3. Del Giudice, E.; Fleischmann, M.; Preparata, G. QED coherence and electrolyte solutions. J. Electroanal. Chem. 2000, 482, 110-116.

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4. Halberg, F.; Cornelissen, G.; Otsuka, K. et al. Cross-spectrally coherent ~10.5- and 21-year biological and physical cycles, magnetic storms and myocardial infarctions. Neuroendocrinol. Lett. 2000, 21, 233-258.

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5. Liboff, A. R.; Jenrow, K. A. New model for the avian magnetic compass. Bioelectromagnetics 2000, 21, 555-565.

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6. Roshchupkin, D. I.; Fesenko, E. E.; Novoselov, V. I. Biophysics of Organs. Moscow: Nauka, 2000. (In Russian)

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7. Zhadin, M. N. Difficulties with synaptic theory of learning and memory and possible remedies. Behav. Brain Sci. 2000, 23, 500-501.

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8. Zhadin, M. N. Physical basis of primary detection of magnetic and modulated electromagnetic fields by biological macromolecules. In: Kostarakis, P.; Stavroulakis, P. (eds.) Millennium International Workshop on Biological Effects of Electromagnetic Fields, Heraklion, Crete, 2000, Vol. 1, 18-26.

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9. Zhadin, M. N.; Zakharova, N. M.; Andreev, A. A.; Balakin, V. E.; Parkhomenko, R. I.; Slabospitskaya, E. V. Investigation of influence of blood serum of multiple sclerosis patients on electric activity in surviving neocortical slices of guinea pigs. Bull. Exp. Biol. Med. 2000, 130(7), 52-55.

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1. Bakharev, B. V.; Zhadin, M. N.; Agladze, N. N. Rhythmic processes in bioelectric activity of the cerebral cortex: qualitative nonlinear analysis with account of refractoriness. Biophysics 2001, 46, 715-723.

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2. Gariaev, P. P.; Birshtein, B. I.; Iarochenko, A. M.; Marcer, P. J.; Tertishny, G. G.; Leonova, K. A.; Kaempf, U. The DNA-wave biocomputer. CASYS 2001, 10, 290-310.

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3. Halberg, F.; Cornelissen, G. et al. Essays on chronomics spawned by transdisciplinary chronobiology. Neuroendocrinol. Lett. 2001, 22.

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4. Mazzanti, M.; Bustamante, J. O.; Oberleithner, H. Electrical dimension of the nuclear envelope. Physiol. Rev. 2001, 81, 1-19.

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5. Vitiello, G. My Double Unveiled: The Dissipative Quantum Model of Brain. Amsterdam: John Benjamins, 2001.

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6. Zhadin, M. N. Review of Russian literature on biological action of DC and low-frequency AC magnetic fields. Bioelectromagnetics 2001, 22(1), 27-45.

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1. Binhi, V. N. Magnetobiology: Underlying Physical Problems. London: Academic Press, 2002.

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2. Del Giudice, E.; Fleischmann, M.; Preparata, G.; Talpo, G. On the "unreasonable" effects of ELF magnetic fields upon a system of ions. Bioelectromagnetics 2002, 23, 522-530.

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3. Panagopoulos, D. J.; Karabarbounis, A.; Margaritis, L. H. Mechanism for action of electromagnetic fields on cells. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 2002, 298, 95-102.

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4. Regling, C.; Brueckner, C.; Kimura, J. H.; Liboff, A. R. Evidence for ICR magnetic field effects on cartilage and bone development in embryonic chick bone explants. 48th Annual Meeting of the Orthopaedic Research Society, Dallas, 2002, Poster 0379.

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1. Goodwin, T. J. Physiological and Molecular Genetic Effects of Time-Varying Electromagnetic Fields on Human Neuronal Cells. NASA Technical Paper TP-2003-212054, Johnson Space Center, 2003.

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2. Liboff, A. R.; Cherng, S.; Jenrow, K. A.; Bull, A. Calmodulin-dependent cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase activity is altered by 20 µT magnetostatic fields. Bioelectromagnetics 2003, 24, 32-38.

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3. Zhadin, M. N.; Zakharova, N. M.; Lunin, S. M.; Fedin, A. I.; Karneev, A. N.; Marushak, I. I. Diagnostics of multiple sclerosis development by influence of blood serum on electric activity of neocortical surviving slices on the background of treatment with low-intensive intravenous laser therapy. In: Horizons of Biophysics: From Theory to Practice. Pushchino, 2003, 182-186.

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1. Liboff, A. R. Toward an electromagnetic paradigm for biology and medicine. J. Altern. Complement. Med. 2004, 10, 41-47.

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4. Zhadin, M. N. Multiple sclerosis as dysfunction of the reinforcement system at learning. In: Progress in Biotechnology and Neurobiology - Integrative Medicine. Hurghada, Egypt, 2004, 70-72.

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1. Engstrom, S.; Bowman, J. D. Magnetic resonances of ions in biological systems. Bioelectromagnetics 2005, 26, 620-630.

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3. Zhadin, M. N.; Barnes, F. Frequency and amplitude windows in the combined action of DC and low frequency AC magnetic fields on ion thermal motion in a macromolecule: theoretical analysis. Bioelectromagnetics 2005, 26, 323-330.

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1. Comisso, N.; Del Giudice, E.; De Ninno, A.; Fleischmann, M.; Giuliani, L.; Mengoli, G.; Merlo, F.; Talpo, G. Dynamics of the ion cyclotron resonance effect on amino acids adsorbed at the interfaces. Bioelectromagnetics 2006, 27, 16-25.

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2. Del Giudice, E.; Vitiello, G. Role of the electromagnetic field in the formation of domains in the process of symmetry-breaking phase transitions. Phys. Rev. A 2006, 74, 022105.

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3. Freeman, W. J.; Vitiello, G. Nonlinear brain dynamics as macroscopic manifestation of underlying many-body field dynamics. Phys. Life Rev. 2006, 3, 93-118.

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4. Zhadin, M.; Giuliani, L. Some problems in modern bioelectromagnetics. Electromagn. Biol. Med. 2006, 25(4), 227-243.

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1. Binhi, V. N.; Rubin, A. B. Magnetobiology: the kT paradox and possible solutions. Electromagn. Biol. Med. 2007, 26, 45-62.

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2. Liboff, A. R. The ion cyclotron resonance hypothesis. In: Barnes, F. S.; Greenebaum, B. (eds.) Handbook of Biological Effects of Electromagnetic Fields, 3rd ed. CRC Press, 2007.

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3. Plonsey, R.; Barr, R. C. Bioelectricity: A Quantitative Approach. 3rd ed. Springer, 2007.

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4. Trofimov, A. V. Means that has helio- and geomagnetic-protector properties. Patent RU2342149, filed 2007.

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1. Alberto, D.; Busso, L.; Crotti, G.; Gandini, M.; Garfagnini, R.; Giudici, P.; Gnesi, I.; Manta, F.; Piragino, G. Effects of static and low-frequency alternating magnetic fields on the ionic electrolytic currents of glutamic acid aqueous solutions. Electromagn. Biol. Med. 2008, 27, 25-39.

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2. Blank, M.; Goodman, R. A mechanism for stimulation of biosynthesis by electromagnetic fields: charge transfer in DNA and base pair separation. J. Cell. Physiol. 2008, 214, 20-26.

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3. Freeman, W. J.; Vitiello, G. Dissipation and spontaneous symmetry breaking in brain dynamics. J. Phys. A 2008, 41, 304042.

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4. Giuliani, L.; Grimaldi, S.; Lisi, A.; D'Emilia, E.; Bobkova, N.; Zhadin, M. Action of combined magnetic fields on aqueous solution of glutamic acid: the further development of investigations. Biomagn. Res. Technol. 2008, 6, 1.

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5. Lisi, A.; Ledda, M.; de Carlo, F.; Pozzi, D.; Messina, E.; Gaetani, R.; Chimenti, I.; Barile, L.; Giacomello, A.; D'Emilia, E.; et al. Ion cyclotron resonance as a tool in regenerative medicine. Electromagn. Biol. Med. 2008, 27, 127-133.

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6. Tan, Z. J.; Chen, S. J. Electrostatic free energy landscapes for DNA helix bending. Biophys. J. 2008, 94, 3137-3149.

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1. Binhi, V. N.; Sarimov, R. M. Zero magnetic field effect observed in human cognitive processes. Electromagn. Biol. Med. 2009, 28, 310-315.

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2. Del Giudice, E.; Tedeschi, A. Water and autocatalysis in living matter. Electromagn. Biol. Med. 2009, 28, 46-52.

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3. Elson, E. Model building: an electrical theory of control of growth and development in animals. Electromagn. Biol. Med. 2009, 28, 283-309.

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4. Elson, E. The little explored efficacy of magnetic fields in cancer treatment, and postulation of the mechanism of action. Electromagn. Biol. Med. 2009, 28, 275-282.

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5. Freeman, W. J.; Vitiello, G. Dissipative neurodynamics in perception forms cortical patterns that are stabilized by vortices. J. Phys. Conf. Ser. 2009, 174, 012011.

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6. Gaetani, R.; Ledda, M.; Barile, L.; Chimenti, I.; De Carlo, F.; Forte, E.; Ionta, V.; Giuliani, L.; D'Emilia, E.; Frati, G.; et al. Differentiation of human adult cardiac stem cells exposed to extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields. Cardiovasc. Res. 2009, 82, 411-420.

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7. Giuliani, L.; D'Emilia, E.; Grimaldi, S.; Lisi, A.; Bobkova, N.; Zhadin, M. N. Investigating the ICR effect in a Zhadin's cell. Int. J. Biomed. Sci. 2009, 5, 181-186.

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8. Levin, M. Bioelectric mechanisms in regeneration: unique aspects and future perspectives. Semin. Cell Dev. Biol. 2009, 20, 543-556.

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9. Liboff, A. R. Electric polarization and the viability of living systems: ion cyclotron resonance-like interactions. Electromagn. Biol. Med. 2009, 28, 124-134.

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1. Belyaev, I. Dependence of non-thermal biological effects of microwaves on physical and biological variables: implications for reproducibility and safety standards. Eur. J. Oncol. Library 2010, 5, 187-218.

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2. Del Giudice, E.; Spinetti, P. R.; Tedeschi, A. Water dynamics at the root of metamorphosis in living organisms. Water 2010, 2, 566-586.

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3. Foletti, A.; Ledda, M.; De Carlo, F.; Grimaldi, S.; Lisi, A. Calcium ion cyclotron resonance (ICR), 7.0 Hz, 9.2 uT magnetic field exposure initiates differentiation of pituitary corticotrope-derived AtT20 D16V cells. Electromagn. Biol. Med. 2010, 29, 63-71.

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4. Liboff, A. R. A role for the geomagnetic field in cell regulation. Electromagn. Biol. Med. 2010, 29, 105-112.

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1. Blasone, M.; Jizba, P.; Vitiello, G. Quantum Field Theory and Its Macroscopic Manifestations. London: Imperial College Press, 2011.

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2. Cifra, M.; Fields, J. Z.; Farhadi, A. Electromagnetic cellular interactions. Prog. Biophys. Mol. Biol. 2011, 105, 223-246.

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3. Montagnier, L.; Aissa, J.; Del Giudice, E.; Lavallee, C.; Tedeschi, A.; Vitiello, G. DNA waves and water. J. Phys. Conf. Ser. 2011, 306, 012007.

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4. Pilla, A.; Fitzsimmons, R.; Muehsam, D.; Wu, J.; Rohde, C.; Casper, D. Electromagnetic fields as first messenger in biological signaling: application to calmodulin-dependent signaling in tissue repair. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 2011, 1810, 1236-1245.

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5. Plankar, M.; Jerman, I.; Krasovec, R. On the origin of cellular manifestations of quantum and classical phenomena. Prog. Biophys. Mol. Biol. 2011, 106, 380-390.

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1. Bono, I.; Del Giudice, E.; Gamberale, L.; Henry, M. Emergence of the coherent structure of liquid water. Water 2012, 4, 510-532.

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2. Levin, M. Molecular bioelectricity in developmental biology: new tools and recent discoveries. BioEssays 2012, 34, 205-217.

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3. Timsit, Y. DNA-directed base pair opening. Molecules 2012, 17, 11947-11964.

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4. Vitiello, G. Fractals, coherent states and self-similarity induced noncommutative geometry. Phys. Lett. A 2012, 376, 2527-2532.

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1. Capolupo, A.; Freeman, W. J.; Vitiello, G. Dissipation of "dark energy" by cortex in knowledge retrieval. Phys. Life Rev. 2013, 10, 85-94.

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2. Foletti, A.; Grimaldi, S.; Lisi, A.; Ledda, M.; Liboff, A. R. Bioelectromagnetic medicine: the role of resonance signaling. Electromagn. Biol. Med. 2013, 32, 484-499.

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3. Ledda, M.; Megiorni, F.; Pozzi, D.; Giuliani, L.; D'Emilia, E.; Piccirillo, S.; Mattei, C.; Grimaldi, S.; Lisi, A. Non ionising radiation as a non chemical strategy in regenerative medicine: Ca2+-ICR "in vitro" effect on neuronal differentiation and tumorigenicity modulation in NT2 cells. PLoS ONE 2013, 8, e61535.

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4. Pall, M. L. Electromagnetic fields act via activation of voltage-gated calcium channels to produce beneficial or adverse effects. J. Cell. Mol. Med. 2013, 17, 958-965.

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1. Garoli, A. Vibration und Gewebewiederherstellung (Vibration and tissue repair). Elsevier, ScienceDirect PII S1615-9071(14)60059-9.

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2. Li, Y.; Yan, X.; Liu, J.; Li, L.; Hu, X.; Sun, H.; Tian, J. Pulsed electromagnetic field enhances brain-derived neurotrophic factor expression through L-type voltage-gated calcium channel- and Erk-dependent signaling pathways in neonatal rat dorsal root ganglion neurons. Neurochem. Int. 2014, 75, 96-104. Gurfinkel, Yu. I.; Vasin, A. L.; Matveeva, T. A.; Sasonko, M. L. Evaluation of the hypomagnetic environment effects on capillary blood circulation, blood pressure and heart rate. Aviakosm. Ekolog. Med. 2014, 48(2), 24-30. (English: Human Physiology 2016, 42, 809-814)

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1. Buckner, C. A.; Buckner, A. L.; Koren, S. A.; Persinger, M. A.; Lafrenie, R. M. Inhibition of cancer cell growth by exposure to a specific time-varying electromagnetic field involves T-type calcium channels. PLoS ONE 2015, 10, e0124136.

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2. Funk, R. H. W. Endogenous electric fields as guiding cue for cell migration. Front. Physiol. 2015, 6, 143.

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3. Lucia, U. Bioengineering thermodynamics of biological cells. Theor. Biol. Med. Model. 2015, 12, 29.

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4. Montagnier, L.; Del Giudice, E.; Aissa, J.; Lavallee, C.; Motschwiller, S.; Capolupo, A.; Polcari, A.; Romano, P.; Tedeschi, A.; Vitiello, G. Transduction of DNA information through water and electromagnetic waves. Electromagn. Biol. Med. 2015, 34, 106-112.

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5. Petecchia, L.; Sbrana, F.; Utzeri, R.; Vercellino, M.; Usai, C.; Visai, L.; Vassalli, M.; Gavazzo, P. Electro-magnetic field promotes osteogenic differentiation of BM-hMSCs through a selective action on Ca2+-related mechanisms. Sci. Rep. 2015, 5, 13856.

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6. Stanley, S. A.; Sauer, J.; Kane, R. S.; Dordick, J. S.; Friedman, J. M. Remote regulation of glucose homeostasis in mice using genetically encoded nanoparticles. Nat. Med. 2015, 21, 92-98.

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1. Lucia, U. Electromagnetic waves and living cells: a kinetic thermodynamic approach. Physica A 2016, 461, 577-585.

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2. Ross, C. L.; Teli, T.; Harrison, B. S. Electromagnetic field devices and their effects on nociception and peripheral inflammatory pain mechanisms. Altern. Ther. Health Med. 2016, 22, 52-64.

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3. Sun, Z. C.; Ge, J. L.; Guo, B.; et al. Extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields facilitate vesicle endocytosis by increasing presynaptic calcium channel expression at a central synapse. Sci. Rep. 2016, 6, 21774.

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1. Binhi, V. N.; Prato, F. S. Biological effects of the hypomagnetic field: an analytical review of experiments and theories. PLoS ONE 2017, 12, e0179340.

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2. De Ninno, A.; Pregnolato, M. Electromagnetic homeostasis and the role of low-amplitude electromagnetic fields on life organization. Electromagn. Biol. Med. 2017, 36, 115-122.

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3. Lucia, U.; Grisolia, G.; Ponzetto, A.; Silvagno, F. An engineering thermodynamic approach to select the electromagnetic wave effective on cell growth. J. Theor. Biol. 2017, 429, 181-189.

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4. Northrop, R. B. Introduction to Instrumentation and Measurements. CRC Press, 3rd ed. 2014/2017.

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1. Bier, M.; Pravica, D. Limits on quantum coherent domains in liquid water. Acta Phys. Pol. B 2018, 49, 1717-1731.

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2. Greco, A.; Destefani, A. Effects of non-focused ELF-EMF treatment on HRV: preliminary study. Int. J. Depress. Anxiety 2018, 1(1), 005. doi:10.23937/ijda-2017/1710005

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3. Greco, A.; Malfatti, N.; Lorengo, V.; Zanella, E.; Sarnella, L.; Frati, I.; Panza, N. ICR-like and osteoarthritis in geriatric patients: pilot study at an RCH facility.

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1. Bergandi, L.; Lucia, U.; Grisolia, G.; Granata, R.; Gesmundo, I.; Ponzetto, A.; Paolucci, E.; Borchiellini, R.; Ghigo, E.; Silvagno, F. The extremely low frequency electromagnetic stimulation selective for cancer cells elicits growth arrest through a metabolic shift. Biochim. Biophys. Acta Mol. Cell Res. 2019, 1866, 1389-1397.

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2. Greco, A.; Garoli, A. Effects of non-focused ELF-EMF treatment on EEG: preliminary study. Transl. Neurosci. Res. Rev. 2019, 2(1), 38-52. doi:10.36959/817/524

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3. Liboff, A. R. Ion cyclotron resonance: geomagnetic strategy for living systems? Electromagn. Biol. Med. 2019, 38, 143-148.

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4. Wang, C. X.; Hilburn, I. A.; Wu, D. A.; et al.; Kirschvink, J. L. Transduction of the geomagnetic field as evidenced from alpha-band activity in the human brain. eNeuro 2019, 6, ENEURO.0483-18.2019.

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1. Lucia, U.; Grisolia, G.; Ponzetto, A.; Bergandi, L.; Silvagno, F. Thermomagnetic resonance affects cancer growth and motility. R. Soc. Open Sci. 2020, 7, 200299.

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2. Novikov, V. V.; Yablokova, E. V.; Fesenko, E. E. Stimulation and inhibition of respiratory burst in neutrophils as a result of action of weak combined magnetic fields adjusted to ICR of protonated water forms. Electromagn. Biol. Med. 2020, 39, 364-373.

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3. Rosenfeld, D.; Senko, A. W.; Moon, J.; et al. Transgene-free remote magnetothermal regulation of adrenal hormones. Sci. Adv. 2020, 6, eaaz3734.

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1. Xue, X.; Ali, Y. F.; Luo, W.; Liu, C.; Zhou, G.; Liu, N.-A. Biological effects of space hypomagnetic environment on circadian rhythm. Front. Physiol. 2021, 12, 643943.

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2. Zhang, B.; Wang, L.; Zhan, A.; Wang, M.; Tian, L.; Guo, W.; Pan, Y. Long-term exposure to a hypomagnetic field attenuates adult hippocampal neurogenesis and cognition. Nat. Commun. 2021, 12, 1174.

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1. Bergandi, L.; Lucia, U.; Grisolia, G.; Salaroglio, I. C.; Gesmundo, I.; Granata, R.; Borchiellini, R.; Ponzetto, A.; Silvagno, F. Thermomagnetic resonance effect of the extremely low frequency electromagnetic field on three-dimensional cancer models. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23, 7955.

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2. Mshenskaya, N.; Sinitsyna, Y.; Kalyasova, E.; et al. Influence of Schumann range electromagnetic fields on components of plant redox metabolism in wheat and peas. Plants 2022, 11, 1955.

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1. Ma, T.; Ding, Q.; Liu, C.; Wu, H. Electromagnetic fields regulate calcium-mediated cell fate of stem cells: osteogenesis, chondrogenesis and apoptosis. Stem Cell Res. Ther. 2023, 14, 133.

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1. Lopez de Mingo, I.; Rivera Gonzalez, M. X.; Maestu Unturbe, C. The cellular response is determined by a combination of different ELF-EMF exposure parameters: a scope review. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25, 5074.

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2. Pietramala, K.; Greco, A.; Garoli, A.; Roblin, D. Effects of extremely low-frequency electromagnetic field treatment on ASD symptoms in children: a pilot study. Brain Sci. 2024, 14(12), 1293. doi:10.3390/brainsci14121293

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3. Sobue, K. Calmodulin: a highly conserved and ubiquitous Ca2+ sensor. Proc. Jpn. Acad. Ser. B Phys. Biol. Sci. 2024, 100, 368-386.

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4. Teranishi, M.; Ito, M.; Huang, Z.; et al. Extremely low-frequency electromagnetic field (ELF-EMF) increases mitochondrial electron transport chain activities and ameliorates depressive behaviors in mice. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25, 11315.

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5. Wang, A.; Ma, X.; Bian, J.; Jiao, Z.; Zhu, Q.; Wang, P.; Zhao, Y. Signalling pathways underlying pulsed electromagnetic fields in bone repair. Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol. 2024, 12, 1333566.

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1. Brantlov, S.; Ward, L. C.; Isidor, S.; Hvas, C. L.; Rud, C. L.; Jodal, L. Cell membrane capacitance (Cm) measured by bioimpedance spectroscopy (BIS): a narrative review of its clinical relevance and biomarker potential. Sensors 2025, 25, 4362.

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1. Garoli, A.; Greco, A. Shielding the first 24 postnatal months of life: a proposal for a prospective cohort study of early-life electromagnetic exposure and autism risk. Alpha Psychiatry 2026, 27(4), 53282. doi:10.31083/AP53282

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2. Greco, A. Resonant Convergence. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2026, 27, 423. doi:10.3390/ijms27010423

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1. Betti, M.; Picchi, M. P. C.; Saettoni, M.; Greco, A. Ion cyclotron resonance: results and prospects for psychiatry.

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2. Carioni, G.; Greco, A. Effects of ELF-EMF treatment on depression.

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